目的：探讨晚期肺癌患者抗肿瘤治疗前后外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、自然杀伤细胞（NK）、生命质量评分变化及其相关性。方法：选取2022年1月至2024年7月期间在我院接受治疗的70例晚期肺癌患者进行前瞻性研究，采用重复测量方差分析法分析临床病理资料、治疗前、治疗3个月、治疗6个月后的外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、NK细胞水平、癌症患者生命质量核心量表（EORTC QLQ-C30量表）评分变化，采用简单线性相关分析法分析实验室指标与EORTC QLQ-C30量表评分的相关性。结果：年龄<60岁患者的总体生存质量总分高于≥60岁患者（P<0.05）；TNM分期Ⅲ期不可手术患者功能领域、总体生存质量总分高于Ⅳ期患者，症状领域总分低于Ⅳ期患者（P<0.05）；胸腔积液患者功能领域、总体生存质量总分低于无胸腔积液患者，症状领域总分高于无胸腔积液患者（P<0.05）；合并疾病种类<2种患者的总体生存质量总分高于合并疾病种类≥2种患者（P<0.05），症状领域总分低于合并疾病种类≥2种患者。晚期肺癌患者治疗6个月后的CD3⁺（61.10±6.68）%、CD4⁺（33.28±5.58）%、CD4⁺/CD8⁺（1.20±0.24）、NK细胞（18.57±3.58）%、功能领域总分（65.39±9.14）、总体生存质量总分（51.33±10.20）较治疗前均升高（P<0.05），治疗6个月后的CD8⁺（27.67±4.52）%、症状领域总分（30.35±6.29）与治疗前比较降低（P<0.05）；晚期肺癌患者治疗6个月后的CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺及NK细胞与功能领域总分、总体生存质量总分呈正相关（P<0.05），与症状领域总分呈负相关（P<0.05）。结论：晚期肺癌患者治疗后，免疫功能及生存质量得到一定程度的改善，患者的功能、症状、生存质量状况与免疫功能改善程度具有密切关系。

 Objective： To investigate the changes and correlations of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets， natural killer cells （NK） and quality of life scores in patients with advanced lung cancer before and after antitumour therapy.Methods： A prospective study was conducted on 70 patients with advanced lung cancer who received treatment at our hospital's oncology department from January 2022 to July 2024. Repeated measures analysis of variance was employed to analyze changes in clinicopathological data， peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets， NK cells， and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 （EORTC QLQ-C30） scores before treatment， at 3 months post-treatment， and at 6 months post-treatment. Simple linear correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between laboratory indicators and EORTC QLQ-C30 scores.Results： Patients aged <60 years exhibited significantly higher total quality of life scores compared to those ≥60 years （P<0.05）. Patients with TNM stage III inoperable disease demonstrated higher functional domain and total quality of life scores than stage IV patients， while showing lower symptom domain scores （P<0.05）. Patients with pleural effusion had lower functional domain and total quality of life scores but higher symptom domain scores compared to those without pleural effusion （P<0.05）. Patients with fewer than 2 comorbidities showed higher total quality of life scores and lower symptom domain scores than those with 2 or more comorbidities （P<0.05）.Six months post-treatment， patients with advanced lung cancer exhibited significant increases in CD3⁺ （61.10±6.68）%， CD4⁺ （33.28±5.58）%， CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio （1.20±0.24）， NK cells （18.57±3.58）%， functional domain score （65.39±9.14）， and overall quality of life score （51.33±10.20） compared to pre-treatment levels （P<0.05）. CD8⁺ （27.67±4.52）% and symptom domain score （30.35±6.29） showed significant decreases （P<0.05）. Positive correlations were observed between CD3⁺， CD4⁺， CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio， NK cells and both functional domain and overall quality of life scores （P<0.05）， while negative correlations were found with the symptom domain score （P<0.05）.Conclusion： The findings indicate that post-treatment improvements in immune function and quality of life are significantly associated with functional status， symptom severity， and overall quality of life in patients with advanced lung cancer.