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研究进展

经行头痛的中医非药物治疗研究进展

  • 李仪琳
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  • 上海中医药大学附属曙光医院,上海 201203
李仪琳,女,在读硕士,研究方向:中医药治疗肺系疾病的临床研究

收稿日期: 2025-06-09

  修回日期: 2025-10-24

  录用日期: 2026-03-18

  网络出版日期: 2026-04-21

基金资助

 上海市卫生健康委余小萍上海市名老中医学术经验研究工作室建设项目(SHGZS-202222)

Research Progress on Non-Pharmacological Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapies for Menstrual Headache

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  • Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 201203, China

Received date: 2025-06-09

  Revised date: 2025-10-24

  Accepted date: 2026-03-18

  Online published: 2026-04-21

摘要

经行头痛是女性常见的周期性头痛综合征,严重影响生活与工作。该病病因病机复杂,中医多认为与肝郁、气血失调、痰湿阻络及阴血不足相关,现代医学则多从雌激素水平下降、前列腺素合成增加及神经内分泌失衡等方面解释。目前西药治疗虽可在急性期缓解症状,但存在疗效有限且副作用较多的不足,因此非药物干预逐渐受到关注。近年的研究表明,通过针刺、艾灸、推拿、耳穴贴压、刺络放血等中医外治法,以及音乐疗法、芳香疗法等辅助手段,能够有效减轻头痛的频率与程度,且具有较好的安全性。分析其作用机制可能与调节神经、内分泌、免疫系统,改善脑血流动力学及气血运行等有关。目前,相关研究仍存在样本量不足、随访时间较短、疗效评价缺乏客观指标以及操作缺乏统一规范等问题,限制了疗效证据的可靠性与推广应用。未来应加强多中心、大样本、长期随访的循证医学研究,并结合影像学和分子生物学等现代技术,进一步阐明“经络-神经-内分泌”的调控作用机制,从而推动标准化诊疗方案的建立。本研究对近10年来中医非药物疗法(含中医外治法及辅助手段)治疗经行头痛的研究进展进行梳理与总结,以期为临床诊治及后续研究提供参考。


本文引用格式

李仪琳 .

经行头痛的中医非药物治疗研究进展

[J]. 中国医药导刊, 2026 , 28(3) : 271 -275 . DOI: 10.1009-0959.2026.020014

Abstract

 Menstrual headache is a common cyclical headache syndrome in women significantly impacting daily life and work. Its etiology and pathogenesis are complex. In traditional Chinese medicine TCM), it is mainly attributed to liver qi stagnation imbalance of qi and blood obstruction of collaterals by phlegm-dampness and deficiency of yin and blood. Modern medicine explains it from aspects such as decreased estrogen levels increased prostaglandin synthesis and neuroendocrine imbalance. Although Western pharmacological treatments can alleviate symptoms during the acute phase their efficacy is often limited and accompanied by various side effects thus drawing increasing attention to non-pharmacological interventions. Recent studies indicate that TCM external therapies such as acupuncture moxibustion tuina massage auricular acupressure and pricking bloodletting as well as complementary approaches like music therapy and aromatherapy can effectively reduce the frequency and intensity of headaches with favorable safety profiles. The mechanisms may involve modulation of the neuro-endocrine-immune network improvement of cerebral hemodynamics and regulation of qi and blood circulation. However current studies remain limited by small sample sizes short follow-up durations a lack of objective efficacy evaluation indicators and non-standardized operational protocols all of which restrict the reliability and generalizability of existing evidence. Future studies should emphasize evidence-based research with multicenter large-sample and long-term follow-up designs and integrate modern techniques such as imaging and molecular biology to further elucidate the meridiannerveendocrine mechanism and promote the establishment of standardized treatment protocols. This article reviews and summarizes the research progress in non-pharmacological TCM therapies for menstrual headache over the past decade aiming to provide references for clinical diagnosis and treatment as well as further research.


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