基于三维分析框架的我国国产创新药发展支持政策文本分析
收稿日期: 2025-07-14
修回日期: 2026-01-15
录用日期: 2026-04-20
网络出版日期: 2026-06-29
基金资助
广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD25CGG11);广东省普通高校创新团队项目(2022WCXTD011)
Analysis of Supportive Policies for the Development of Domestic Innovative Drugs in China Based on a Three-Dimensional Analysis Framework
Received date: 2025-07-14
Revised date: 2026-01-15
Accepted date: 2026-04-20
Online published: 2026-06-29
目的:运用政策工具分析方法,对我国国产创新药发展相关支持政策进行分析,探讨其中各类型政策工具的使用情况,以期为我国创新药政策的制定与完善提供参考和建议。方法:检索2006年1月至2024年12月,我国国家层面发布的涉及创新药的重要政策文件并进行编码分类,从政策工具、利益相关者和政策过程3个维度,分析创新药政策工具的使用情况。结果:共纳入68份与创新药发展相关的政策文件,获得300个政策条目编码。在政策工具维度中,环境型政策工具最多(57.67%),需求型政策工具次之(24.00%),供给型政策工具较少(18.33%)。在政策过程维度中,“十一五”“十二五”“十三五”和“十四五”阶段的政策分别占10.67%、19.67%、33.00%和36.67%。在利益相关者维度中,涉及政府部门的政策条目占比最多(52.21%),其次为医药企业(36.52%),涉及患者(6.37%)和医疗机构(4.90%)的政策条目占比较低。结论:在我国国产创新药发展支持政策中,环境型政策工具应用居多,需求型和供给型政策工具应用相对不足,政策工具使用呈现不均衡态势。利益相关者分布格局存在失调现象,政策过度侧重于发挥政府部门的主导作用,对患者中心地位的政策关注较少。应加强政策工具使用的协调性,均衡考量国产创新药政策中各利益主体的权益,以保障政策高效实施。
关键词: 创新药;政策工具;利益相关者;政策过程
吴庆艳
,
张琦
,
许晓丹
,
刘丽莎
.
基于三维分析框架的我国国产创新药发展支持政策文本分析
Objective: By using the policy tool analysis method, to analyze the supporting policies for the development of domestic innovative drugs in China , and explore the use of various types of policy tools among them, so as to provide references and suggestions for the formulation and improvement of innovative drug policies in China.Methods: Retrieve the important policy documents related to innovative drugs issued at the national level in China from January 2006 to December 2024, classify them by coding, and analyze the use of innovative drug policy tools from three dimensions: policy tools, stakeholders, and policy processes.Results: A total of 68 policy documents related to the development of innovative drugs were included, and 300 policy item codes were obtained. In the dimension of policy tools, environment-shaping policy tools are predominant (57.67%), and demand-side policy tools come second (24.00%). There are relatively few supply-side policy tools (18.33%). In the dimension of policy process, policies during the 11th Five-Year Plan, 12th Five-Year Plan, 13th Five-Year Plan, and 14th Five-Year Plan periods accounted for 10.67%, 19.67%, 33.00%, and 36.67%, respectively. In the stakeholder dimension, government departments account for the largest proportion (52.21%), followed by pharmaceutical companies (36.52%), while patients (6.37%) and medical institutions (4.90%) take relatively small proportions.Conclusion: In the support policies for the development of domestic innovative drugs in China, environment-shaping policy tools are mostly used, while the application of demand-side and supply-side policy tools is relatively insufficient. There is an overall imbalance in the use of policy instruments. The distribution pattern of stakeholders is not coordinated, with an emphasis on the leading role of government departments and relatively few policy items focusing on patients’ centered position. The coordination of the use of policy tools should be enhanced, and the interests of all parties involved in the domestic innovative drug policy should be balanced, so as to ensure the efficient implementation of the policy.
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