基于场景驱动的药品监管高质量数据集构建方法与应用研究
收稿日期: 2026-04-09
修回日期: 2026-06-23
录用日期: 2026-06-26
网络出版日期: 2026-06-29
A Scenario-Driven Approach to the Construction and Application of High-Quality Datasets for Drug Regulation
Received date: 2026-04-09
Revised date: 2026-06-23
Accepted date: 2026-06-26
Online published: 2026-06-29
目的:解决“人工智能+药品监管”推进过程中高质量数据集供给不足的问题,探索适用于药品监管领域的数据集构建方法。方法:以《药品监管人工智能典型应用场景清单》中15类场景为起点,提出“场景驱动”数据集构建方法,形成“需求定义-数据采集-质量控制-迭代优化”四阶段框架,构建场景需求解构、多源异构数据融合、专家-人工智能协同标注、动态迭代优化等关键技术,并在第二类医疗器械注册审评场景中开展实证验证。结果:构建了预训练、微调、评估三类数据集体系。在第二类医疗器械审评实证中,成功构建微调指令数据、RAG规则库、测试案例集,模型辅助审评准确率达91.4%,召回率为93.6%,达到了预计效果。结论:“场景驱动”方法可有效应对药品监管领域高质量数据集建设的特殊挑战,提升数据集建设效率与模型应用效果,为药品监管人工智能数据基础设施建设提供方法论指导。
关键词: 药品监管; 高质量数据集; 场景驱动; 第二类医疗器械注册审评
陈锋
,
由玉伟
.
基于场景驱动的药品监管高质量数据集构建方法与应用研究
Objective: To address the insufficient supply of high-quality datasets in advancing “AI + drug regulation” and to explore dataset construction methods applicable to the field of drug regulation.Methods: Starting from the 15 scenarios outlined in the List of Typical Application Scenarios for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Regulation, a “scenario-driven” dataset construction method was proposed, forming a four-stage framework: requirement definition, data collection, quality control, and iterative optimization. Key techniques, including scenario requirement decomposition, multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, expert-AI collaborative annotation, and dynamic iterative optimization were developed. Empirical validation was conducted in the scenario of Class II medical device registration review.Results: A three-tier dataset system consisting of pre-training, fine-tuning, and evaluation datasets was established. In the Class II device review empirical study, instruction-tuning data, a RAG rule base, and a test case set were successfully constructed. The model-assisted review achieved an accuracy of 91.4% and a recall rate of 93.6%, which meet the expected effect.Conclusion: The scenario-driven approach effectively addresses the unique challenges of building high-quality datasets in drug regulation, improves dataset construction efficiency and model application performance, and provides methodological guidance for the development of AI data infrastructure in drug regulation.
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