CHINESE JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL GUIDE >

2026 , Vol. 28 >Issue 1: 94 - 94-98

DOI: https://doi.org/magtech.2025.03.03-00003

Research Progress on the Multifactorial Pathogenesis of Lumbar Degenerative Disease

  • Shen Zhai
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  • 1.College of Orthopedics， Henan University of Chinese Medicine， Henan Zhengzhou 450046， China； 

    2.Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province （Henan Provincal Orthopedic Hospital）， Henan Luoyang 471000， China

Received date: 2025-03-03

  Revised date: 2025-07-19

  Accepted date: 2025-11-15

  Online published: 2026-02-11

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Abstract

With the intensification of population aging and lifestyle changes， the incidence of lumbar degenerative disease （LDD） has surged significantly， and has become one of the important challenges in the field of global public health. In view of the relatively limited current research on LDD， this study systematically reviews authoritative findings from the past five years worldwide. From a multidisciplinary perspective integrating molecular biology， biomechanics， and clinical medicine， it critically analyze five core pathogenic mechanisms： ① The Aging Hypothesis， focusing on the overall impact of aging on LDD progression； ② Genetic Susceptibility， elucidating the critical role of the SOX9 gene in vertebral body and intervertebral disc differentiation； ③ Autoimmunity and Inflammation， delineating immune microenvironment dysregulation in the spine mediated by inflammatory factors （e.g.， IL， TNF）； ④ Endocrine and Metabolic Dysfunction， examining modulatory effects of hormones （e.g.， E2， GDF-5） and metabolic disorders （e.g.， T2DM） on spinal degeneration； ⑤ Biomechanics and Injury， systematically characterizing biomechanical and traumatic contributions to LDD pathogenesis using high-risk populations as exemplars.This study establish a systematic conceptual framework for LDD pathogenesis， in order to advance precision-based therapeutic strategies， and provide actionable insights for clinical diagnosis and management.


Key words： Lumbar degenerative disease； ; Low back pain； ; Pathogenesis

Cite this article

Shen Zhai .

Research Progress on the Multifactorial Pathogenesis of Lumbar Degenerative Disease

[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL GUIDE, 2026 , 28(1) : 94 -94-98 . DOI: magtech.2025.03.03-00003

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