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Study on the Incidence Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Vaccine Protection Efficacy in Children After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Received date: 2025-09-19
Revised date: 2025-11-20
Accepted date: 2026-03-18
Online published: 2026-04-21
Children following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （HSCT） experience significantly impaired immune function due to the combined effects of their underlying disease and immunosuppressive therapy， which substantially increases their risk of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection. The rate of HBV reactivation can reach 10% to 20%， with some children potentially developing acute liver failure or experiencing transplant failure. The hepatitis B vaccine remains the most scientifically sound and effective means of preventing HBV infection. In recent years， growing societal attention has led to a growing body of research on HBV infection risk， vaccine efficacy， and safety in this specific population of post-HSCT children. However， substantial heterogeneity exists among the findings of different studies. This study systematically retrieves relevant literature published between 2014 and 2025 from authoritative databases such as PubMed and CNKI， to comprehensively review the epidemiological status， infection risks， and pathogenesis of HBV infection in post-HSCT children， summarize the immunogenicity， safety， and influencing factors of hepatitis B vaccination in this population， and provide a scientific reference for precision diagnosis and treatment as well as optimization of hepatitis B vaccination strategies for pediatric HSCT recipients in China.
fei Peng Deng
,
Rui Zhang
,
Tian Yang
,
Yi Fei
.
Study on the Incidence Risk of Hepatitis B Virus
Infection and Vaccine Protection Efficacy in Children After Hematopoietic Stem
Cell Transplantation
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