Clinical Experience Summary on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Insomnia Based on the Theory of "Qi Circle in Round Earth Pivot Four Organs"

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  • 1.Guangdong Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Guangdong Foshan 528200,China
    2.School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan University Guangdong Guangzhou 510000, China
    3.Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangdong Guangzhou 510006, China

Received date: 2025-09-01

  Revised date: 2025-12-26

  Accepted date: 2026-03-18

  Online published: 2026-08-17

Abstract

In traditional Chinese medicine TCM), insomnia falls under the category of "bu mei" with etiologies often related to emotional distress imbalance between work and rest. The pathogenesis involves a dysfunction of yin and yang due to yang excess and yin deficiency. The therapentic methods primarily based on tonifying deficiency and purging excess as well as regulating the yin and yang of the zang-fu organs. Modern medicine posits that there exists close and bidirectional causal relationship between insomnia and dysfunction of the "brain-gut axis". Existing researches have confirmed that TCM has advantages in treating insomnia such as significant efficacy pew side effects and good prognosis. The theory of "qi circle in round earth pirot four organs" originated from TCM classics and is a further innovation of the theory of "stomach disharmony leads to sleeping restless". The theory takes the middle earth spleen and stomach as the cardinal points of qi movement rising and falling and yin and yang transformation and advocates that when the spleen qi rises the eastern liver-wood and southern kidney water rise and when the stomach qi descends the western lung-metal and northern heart-fire dounard. Professor Tian Ning believes that insomnia is based on the disorder of the spleen and stomach in the middle earth and is highly consistent with the modern medicine insomnin onsee theory of "brain-gut axis". At the same time he proposes that wood depression fire inflammation and water cold are important pathogenic factors. Clinical treatment mainly focuses on regulating the spleen and stomach while also taking into account the liver kidney lung heart. Commonly used formulas include huang shi huangya tang Jin ding tang and Shangxia Liangji pills with modification adjusement and the clinical efficacy is significant. Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that the active ingredients of the selected TCM such as polysaccharides flavonoidand saponins can not only directly affect the cerebral cortex to regulate sleep rhythms but also indirectly improve insomnia symptoms via the "brain-gut axis" by regulating neurotransmitters in the digestivnd improving the gut microbiota. This study reviews professor Tian Ning clinical experience in treating insomnia based on "qi circle in round" theory aiming to provide a reference for clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment and the improvement of the theoretical system of TCM.


Cite this article

LUO Haijun, NIE Ying, ZHANG Yuwei, ZHANG Wanqi, HUANG Li, LIU Liwei, TANG Wei, TIAN Ning .

Clinical Experience Summary on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Insomnia Based on the Theory of "Qi Circle in Round Earth Pivot Four Organs"

[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL GUIDE, 2026 , 28(6) : 726 -726-730 . DOI: 10.1009-0959.2026.060002

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