Abstract: Objective:To investigate the safety and therapeutic efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy.Methods:55 patients with renal tumor who received retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy from October 2008 to May 2011 were selected to be object of study,and their clinical stages were 59 cases of T1N0M0and 6 cases of T2N0M0,and their clinical data were retrospectively analysed in this paper.Results:①The operation time was 127～255 min,average(182±21)min;the blood loss in the operation was 120～540 ml,average(195±35)ml;the hospital stay was 7～12d,average(9±2)d.②4 patients had operative complications,including 2 cases of injury and bleeding of vena cave,1 case of pleural injury,1 case of colon injury.③All patients were followed up for 2 years,and they didn’t have tumor recurrence,distant metastasis,planting metastasis of puncture channel.Conclusion:Retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is of small lesion,little blood loss in the operation,quick postoperative recovery,low incidence rate of operative complications,good long-term postoperative therapeutic efficacy.