Abstract: Objective:Understanding hospital outpatient chronic disease status and influence factors of elderly patients with medication compliance,focus of discussion for hospital outpatient pharmacy services for the elderly in the future.Methods:To questionnaire surveys,between May 2010 and my hospital patient suffering from chronic diseases of the elderly over 60 years of investigation.Results:645 valid questionnaires,evaluation of compliance with good accounting for 81.2%,accounted for 18.8 percent of poor compliance.Medication non-compliance the main reasons include:Forgot medication(57.2%),fear of adverse reactions(43.9%),don’t remember the usage of varieties(33.3%),consider themselves in a better condition(28.5%),not clear non-compliance from the use of drugs(23.4%),physicians did not explain the usage and consumption(17.4%),believes food therapy(10.5%),economic reasons(9.6%),did not explain the usage of licensed pharmacists(9.5%),consider themselves not to take medicines(9.1%),etc.Improving medication compliance of influencing factors include:Doctor explains clearly the medication reason(54.7%),select fewer adverse drug(45.1%),choose the effect of better medicines(44.2%),use of less frequent dosing of drugs(35.2%),pharmacists a clear picture of usage and consumption(31.9%),physicians made clear dosage and administration(28.5%),reduce the number of drug varieties(23.9%),you can easily communicate with pharmacists(21.2%),pharmaceuticals(17.5%) and more economical,you can easily communicate with physicians(16.9%),etc.Conclusion:Pharmacist to explain and marked clearly drug dosage,popularization of medical knowledge and guidance,building and perfecting ways to facilitate patient and pharmacist communication,build a good doctor-patient relationship is the focus of current and future outpatient pharmacy services,especially for the elderly.