Abstract: 【ABSTRACT】Objective: To explore the factors of postoperative infection in patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery,and to provide strong data support for clinical treatment.Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed on 300 cases of patients admitted to our hospital.The infection status,the influence factors and the distribution of pathogens were analyzed.Results:Patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery after infection rate was 23%,among them to malignant tumor resection,resection of benign tumors and salivary gland surgery infection rate was the highest;infection in total pathogen 59 strains,which gram negative bacteria accounted for 27.11%,gram positive bacteria accounted for 66.10%,fungi accounted for 6.78%;patient's age,invasive operation and aspiration are important factors leading to the oral and maxillofacial postoperative infection.Conclusion:Oral and maxillofacial surgery after infection rate in 23%,the pathogenic bacteria in gram positive bacteria,perform the individual care plan for the patient's age,pay attention to decrease the invasion operation and aspiration is the key to the improvement of oral and maxillofacial surgery after infection.