Abstract: Objective： To investigate the efficacy and safety of aerosol inhalation of recombinant human interferon α2b combined with low dose methylprednisolone in the treatment of severe viral pneumonia in children.Methods：A total of 78 patients with severe viral pneumonia admitted to our hospital from September 2016 to November 2018 were randomly divided into 3 groups.The control group(26 cases)was treated with basic anti-infection therapy combined with methylprednisolone 2 mg·kg-1·d-1.The treatment group （26 cases）was treated with a high dose of interferon (200 000 IU·kg-1，bid) on the basis of the control group，atomization inhalation. The observation group（26 cases）was treated with reduced methylprednisolone 1 mg·kg-1·d-1. Results：Compared with the control group, the time of fever, recovery of oxygen saturation, disappearance of rales in lung and hospitalization days in the treatment group and the observation group were significantly shorter(P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the three concave signs disappearance(P>0.05). Compared with the observation group, there were no significant differences in all observed indicator of the treatment group(P>0.05). The effective rate in 24 h was compared among the three groups. For the control group 23.1%， the treatment group 57.7%， the observation group 53.8%(P<0.05). 72 h effective rate for the control group 73.1%， the treatment group 100%， the observation group 96.2%(P<0.05). The cure rate was 39.5% in the control group， 80.8% in the treatment group and 73.1% in the observation group(P<0.05). Conclusion：Nebulization inhalation of high-dose recombinant human interferon α2b combined with low-dose methylprednisolone short course of treatment of severe viral pneumonia has achieved good results， no adverse reactions.The combination of the two drugs significantly shorten the time of fever， pulmonary rales disappear quickly， shorten the hospital stay， and children with good compliance， high safety advantages in children.