Abstract: Objective： To analysis the effect of PDCA in nosocomial infection management of neurosurgical intensive care unit（NICU）. Methods： PDCA management mode was applied in nosocomial infection control of an NICU in a three-level first class hospital during January to December 2013. This was a perspective study.Results：37 infection cases happened among 32 patients in total.The overall incidence of nosocomial infection was 8.36%.The incidence of infection cases was 9.66%.The daily incidence of infection was 11.90%. Generally， NICU nosocomial infection rate declined in every quarter.The highest nosocomial infection rate was in the second quarter (11%)，while the lowest rate of nosocomial infection was in the fourth quarter (4.60%).The illness severity scored the highest (428) in the first quarter， the lowest (368) in the fourth quarter. The adjusted annual incidence of infection was 2.02%.Adjusted daily infection incidence was 2.71‰.The adjusted infection incidence of the second quarter was 2.75%，and the adjusted daily infection incidence was 3.90‰.The adjusted infection incidence of the fourth quarter was 1.11%，and the adjusted daily infection incidence was 1.38‰.The most common organ of hospital infection was lower respiratory tract (54.06%)，followed by bacterial meningitis(32.43%).The highest rate of urethral catheterization usage was in the first quarter (99.44%).The highest rate of central venous catheter was in the second quarter (62.87%).The highest rate of using breathing machine was in the first quarter (6.42%).The incidence of medical device related infection was low， especially in the third and fourth quarter (0 case).Conclusion： By application of PDCA management mode， problems in nosocomial infection of NICU could be found in time，and be analysed and corrected immediately，in order to reduce the incidence of NICU nosocomial infection in effectively.