Abstract: Objective:To analyze the Incidence,risk factors and characteristics intraoperative awareness of patients undergoing general anesthesia and explore the prevention and control measures.Methods:28 cases of intraoperative awareness undergoing general anesthesia were analyzed retrospectively in our hospital from 2005 to 2010.Results:The incidence of intraoperative awareness was 0.07%;The characteristics of the group of patients:①The prevalence was greater in men than in women;②More common in anesthesia in less than 1h of the "short operation";③Awareness during intravenous anesthesia was higher than that of other ways,but also case of all did not use benzodiazepine drugs;④It was higher in the patients with long-term drinking and using diazepam for a long time,and intraoperative monitoring of brain function is not implemented;⑤Postoperative period were with serious psychological and mental disorders,But the treatment was obviously effective.Conclusion:Awareness of patients undergoing general anesthesia during surgery in patients can cause severe psychological and mental disorders;We should strengthen the preoperative evaluation and prevention of high-risk patients such as men,short operation and long-term using diazepam for a long time,and especially preventive use of benzodiazepines drugs.BIS monitoring should be implemented;Pay attention to the return visit and timely psychological and drug treatment.