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192例头孢菌素类抗菌药物不良反应分析

崔岩   

  1. 北京市大兴区人民医院
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-30 修回日期:2018-09-17 出版日期:2018-10-25

Analysis on 192 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions of Cephalosporin Antibiotics

CUI Yan   

  1. People’s Hospital of Beijing Daxing District
  • Received:2018-07-30 Revised:2018-09-17 Online:2018-10-25

摘要: 目的:分析192例头孢菌素类抗菌药物所致药品不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADR)并研究应对方法,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:选取我院2005年1月1日至2016年12月31日头孢菌素类抗菌药物用药后发生ADR的患者192例,分析不同头孢菌素类抗菌药物不良反应发生情况,发生ADR的性别和年龄,不同给药方式ADR发生情况以及ADR累及器官情况并研究应对方法。结果:192例使用头孢菌素类抗菌药物后发生ADR的患者中,注射用头孢呋辛钠ADR发生例数最多,其次分别为注射用头孢西丁钠、注射用头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠。在入选患者中,>60岁的患者发生ADR比例最高,女性占59.90%,男性占40.10%。给予静脉滴注的患者发生ADR者多于使用口服剂型患者。头孢菌素类抗菌药物用药后首要累及的器官为皮肤及附件,其次分别为消化系统、神经系统、循环系统。结论:给予患者头孢菌素类抗菌药物时要依照患者的实际情况使用药物,对应用头孢菌素类抗菌药物造成的ADR要有效控制,有ADR出现时要及时停止用药,同时采取有效的治疗方法对症下药。

Abstract: Objective: To analysis 192 cases of adverse drug reactions(ADR) of cephalosporin antibiotics and study the coping strategies,and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods: 192 cases of ADR of cephalosporins in our hospital from January 1,2005 to December 31,2016 were collected.The incidence of ADR after the use of different cephalosporin antibiotics,the gender and age of the cases,the incidence of ADR by different administration route, and ADR involving organs were analyzed and the coping strategies were studied. Results: In 192 cases of ADR cephalosporins, the patients use cefuroxime sodium for injection have the highest incidence of adverse reactions, followed by cefoxitin sodium for injection and cefoperazone sodium and sulbactamsodium for injection. Among the selected patients, ADR incidence was the highest in patients over 60 years old, and women account for 59.90%, men account for 40.10%. The incidence of adverse reactions in patients given intravenous drip was higher than that in oral dosage form. The main organs involved of ADR of cephalosporins were skin and appendages, followed by digestive system,nervous system and circulatory system. Conclusion: Cephalosporin should be used according to the actual situation of the patients.The adverse reactions caused by cephalosporins should be effectively controlled.When the ADR occurs, the drug should be discontinued in time,and the effective treatment should be taken.