Abstract: Objective：To enhance the management of the key monitoring drugs， and eventually promote the rational drug use and reduce the drug expense in our hospital. Methods： By establishing the catalogue of key monitoring drugs， carrying out prescription comments on key monitoring drugs， and strengthening administrative supervision，long-acting and effective management system for the rational use of drugs was set up. The key monitoring drug expense and the average drug cost per time before and after supervision were statistically analyzed. Results： By management， the proportion of key monitoring drugs decreased from 39.25% to 25.66%. The average drug cost per time in 2018 was 437.62 yuan less than that in 2017， a decline of 8.71%. By prescriptions comments， the unreasonable drug usage was found. Conclusion： Strengthen the management and control of key monitoring drugs could reduce the drug expense so as to more effectively improve rational drug use.