应用帕累托法分析我院436例药品不良反应报告

中国医药导刊 ›› 2021, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (11): 843-847.

应用帕累托法分析我院436例药品不良反应报告

吕楠，杨帅，田欢，张炜华，吴筱菁，王巧玲，岳宝森*

西安市中医医院，陕西西安 710021

收稿日期:2021-07-27 修回日期:2021-10-20 出版日期:2021-11-28 发布日期:2021-11-28
基金资助:
陕西省中医药管理局2021年省级公共卫生发展资助项目(项目编号：陕中医药发[2021]2号文件；项目名称：中医医院医疗质量控制能力建设项目)；西安市科技局项目(项目编号：2017122SF/YX016(3)；项目名称：中医临床技术及临床用药的疗效研究)

Pareto Analysis of 436 ADR Cases in Our Hospital

Xi′an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Xi′an 710021, China

Received:2021-07-27 Revised:2021-10-20 Online:2021-11-28 Published:2021-11-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的:分析我院药品不良反应(ADR)的发生规律及特点，探讨引起ADR的原因及影响因素，为临床药物警戒提供参考。方法:收集我院2016—2020年436例ADR报告，应用帕累托法对患者性别、年龄、药品类别、剂型、给药途径、涉及系统/器官等数据进行统计分析。结果:436例ADR报告中，男女患者比例为1∶1.63；≥41岁为发生ADR患者年龄的主要因素(77.98%)；引发ADR药物类别的主要因素为抗感染药物(43.61%)、中药注射剂(22.31%)、心血管系统用药(9.74%)、中枢神经系统用药(5.27%)，其中抗感染药物以喹诺酮类(39.53%)、头孢菌素类(23.26%)、青霉素类(13.02%)为主；导致严重的ADR发生的主要因素包括抗感染药物(42.86%)、中药注射剂(26.19%)、心血管系统用药(11.90%)；怀疑引起ADR的药品多为注射剂(83.98%)；引起ADR的给药途径以静脉滴注为主(79.11%)；主要累及皮肤及其附件损害(36.63%)。结论:医院应重视ADR监测与评价工作，通过加强临床药师队伍建设，发布药物警戒快讯等一系列措施，加强合理用药管理，保障患者安全用药。

关键词: font-size:medium, ">药品不良反应；帕累托法；药物警戒；安全用药

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the occurrence regularity and characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in our hospital, and to discuss the causes and influencing factors of ADR, so as to provide reference for clinical pharmacovigilance. Methods: 436 cases of ADR reports in our hospital from 2016 to 2020 were collected, and Pareto method was applied to statistically analyze the datas on patients′ gender, age, drug type, dosage form, route of administration, and related systems/organs of the 436 cases of ADR report. Results: Among 436 ADR cases, the ratio of male to female patients was 1∶1.63, and ≥41 years old was the main factor for the age of patients with ADR (77.98%). The main factors of categories of ADR-inducing drugs were anti-infective agents (43.61%), traditional Chinese medicine injections (22.31%), cardiovascular system drugs (9.74%) and central nervous system drugs (5.27%). Among the anti-infective agents, the drug categories were mainly quinolone (39.53%), cephalosporins (23.26%) and penicillins (13.02%). Anti-infective agents (42.86%), traditional Chinese medicine injections (26.19%) and cardiovascular system drugs (11.90%) were the main factors for the categories inducing serious ADR. Most of the suspected ADR-inducing drugs were injections (83.98%). The main administration route inducing ADR was intravenous drip (79.11%). The clinical manifestations of ADR mainly involved skin and its accessory damage (36.63%). Conclusion: ADR monitoring and evaluating work should be emphasized in hospital. Through a series of measures such as strengthening the construction of clinical pharmacists team and issuing pharmacovigilance bulletins, so as to reinforce the management of rational drug use, and to ensure medication safety for patients.

Key words: Adverse drug reaction, Pareto method, Pharmacovigilance, Medication safety

中图分类号:

吕楠, 杨帅, 田欢, 张炜华, 吴筱菁, 王巧玲, 岳宝森. 应用帕累托法分析我院436例药品不良反应报告[J]. 中国医药导刊, 2021, 23(11): 843-847.

LV Nan, YANG Shuai, TIAN Huan, ZHANG Weihua, WU Xiaojing, WANG Qiaoling, YUE Baosen. Pareto Analysis of 436 ADR Cases in Our Hospital[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL GUIDE, 2021, 23(11): 843-847.

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