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中国医药导刊 ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (9): 891-897.

• 研究进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

季节性过敏性鼻炎(SAR)病理机制和防治策略研究进展

张玮1,2, 初晓艺1, 王甜3, 唐丽2*   

  1. 1.山东药品食品职业学院, 山东 威海 264200;
    2.民族医药教育部重点实验室(中央民族大学),中央民族大学药学院,北京 100081;
    3.北京协和医院,北京 100730

  • 收稿日期:2022-08-09 修回日期:2023-11-15 出版日期:2023-09-28 发布日期:2023-09-28
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(项目编号:81873397;项目名称:新疆一枝蒿抗ILI作用的药效物质基础与作用机制研究);宁夏自治区重点研发计划重大(重点)项目资助(项目编号:2019BFG02024;项目名称:宁夏沿黄城市带城市林业系统主要生态功能研究与示范)

Research Progress on Pathological Mechanism and Intervention Strategies of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis(SAR)

  1. 1.Shandong Drug and Food Vocational College, Shandong Weihai 264200, China;
    2.Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine(Minzu University of China), School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China;
    3.Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
  • Received:2022-08-09 Revised:2023-11-15 Online:2023-09-28 Published:2023-09-28

摘要: 过敏性鼻炎(AR)是由IgE介导的鼻黏膜慢性非感染性炎性疾病,由特应性个体暴露于变应原引起。作为全球影响人数较多的过敏性疾病,AR可造成严重的社会和经济负担,而季节性过敏性鼻炎(SAR)作为其主要发病类型更应引起重视。SAR主要由IgE介导的炎症以及2型先天性淋巴细胞(ILC2s)和2型辅助T细胞(Th2细胞)介导的2型免疫反应诱导,ILC2s和Th2细胞通过释放细胞炎性因子,驱动免疫细胞,促进蛋白转换,激活信号通路从而吸引炎症细胞并干扰完整鼻黏膜屏障,以诱导SAR的发生和维持。SAR具有复杂的免疫调控和炎性机制,受遗传、环境、气象、生活方式等多种因素的影响,针对性使用鼻用糖皮质激素、抗组胺药物、白三烯受体拮抗剂、变应原特异性免疫治疗以及中药治疗能够对SAR产生较好的缓解作用。本研究主要针对SAR的致病因素和发病机制的病理生理学途径进行综述,阐述近年研究的最新进展,以期为SAR预防和治疗策略提出依据。

关键词: font-size:medium, ">季节性过敏性鼻炎;病理机制;信号通路;防治措施;研究进展

Abstract: Allergic rhinitis is a chronic non-infectious inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa that is mainly mediated by IgE after exposure to allergens. As the allergic disease affecting the largest number of people in the world, AR causes a serious social and economic burden, and seasonal allergic rhinitis(SAR) is particularly noteworthy as its main type. SAR is inflammation mainly induced by IgE-mediated and type 2 immune response mediated by ILC2s and Th2 cells. ILC2s and Th2 cells attract inflammatory cells and interfere with the intact nasal mucosal barrier to induce SAR by releasing cellular inflammatory factors, driving immune cells, promoting protein conversion and activating signaling pathways. SAR has complex immunoregulation and inflammatory mechanisms make it to be affected by genetics, environment, meteorological, lifestyle and other factors. Targeted use of intranasal corticosteroids, antihistamines, leukotriene receptor antagonists, allergen-specific immunotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine treatment can effectively alleviate SAR. This study mainly reviews the pathogenic factors and pathophysiological pathways of SAR, and elaborates the latest research progress, with a view to providing a basis for prevention and treatment strategies of SAR.

Key words: Seasonal allergic rhinitis, Pathological mechanism, Signaling pathway, Intervention strategies, Research progress

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