关键词: 水痘疫苗, 发病率, 2剂次, 流行特征

Abstract:

Objective： To evaluate the changes of the epidemiological characteristics of varicella before and after the implementation of two-dose varicella vaccination programme in the Xiangcheng District of Suzhou City， so as to provide reference for the development of scientific varicella vaccination strategies and policies for varicella prevention and control.Methods： Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the monitoring data of varicella incidence during the implementation of one-dose （2016-2019） and two-dose （2020-2023） varicella vaccination programme.Results： The annual average case numbers of varicella during implementation of one-dose and two-doses varicella vaccination programme were 1600 and 868， while the annual average incidence rates were 157.08 and 78.80 per 100 000 persons， respectively. Most of these cases occurred in May to July and November to January of the following year， and mainly distribured in Yuanhe， Huangdai， Beiqiao and Weitang Street （Town）. The cases mainly distributed in children under 10 years old， and mainly in scattered children， kindergarcen childcare children and students. After the implementation of two-dose varicella vaccination programme， the annual average incidence rate of varicella decreased significantly （χ²=283.965， P<0.01）， especially in the two peak periods. The incidence rates of varicella were significantly reduced （P<0.001） in other regions of Xiangcheng District except for Wangting Town and Huangqiao Streat. The incidence of varicella decreased significantly in age groups under 20 years old and in age group ≥25 years old （P<0.05）， especially in 0-5 years old group.Conclusion： The implementation of two-dose varicella vaccination programme effectively reduced the incidence level of varicella in Xiangcheng District of Suzhou City， and provided a worthwhile reference for further optimization of immunization strategy of varicella.

Key words: Varicella vaccine； , Incidence rate； , Two-dose； , Epidemiological characteristics