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中国医药导刊 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 117-122.

• 监管科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

药品生产现场检查能力评估标准探讨

李武超, 颜若曦*   

  1. 国家药品监督管理局食品药品审核查验中心,北京 100076
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-13 修回日期:2025-02-06 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2025-02-28

Discussion on the Capability Evaluation Criteria for On-Site Inspection of Pharmaceutical Production

  1. Center for Food and Drug Inspection of NMPA Beijing 100076, China
  • Received:2024-12-13 Revised:2025-02-06 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2025-02-28

摘要:

国家药品监督管理局已于202311月成为药品检查合作计划(PIC/S)的正式申请人。检查现场观察是PIC/S审计清单解读指南中重要的评估方式之一,也是世界卫生组织(WHO)开展国家监管体系评估的方式之一,是对检查能力评估的重要手段。然而,目前相关监管部门或国际组织均未针对检查现场观察建立评估标准。制定科学、合理的评估指标对于检查组现场检查能力的考核和评价具有重要指导作用。本研究借鉴PIC/S审计清单解读指南、WHO全球基准评估工具(GBT工具)监督检查板块指标要求,基于国内药品生产现场检查工作实践,从检查前准备、现场检查、检查缺陷与检查报告、检查组现场表现4个环节探索制定了28项现场检查观察的能力评估指标,关键要素主要包括检查程序与流程合规、检查范围的有效覆盖、检查中企业风险与问题发现的能力、检查过程中的有效沟通与交流、检查报告与缺陷描述客观性与清晰性、检查员专业能力、特殊情况的良好应对等内容,核心是在有限的时间与资源下基于风险进行适宜深度与程度的专业性检查,确保检查实效,以期在检查现场观察中更好地识别现场检查的薄弱环节,进而促进药品生产检查员现场检查能力的提升,加快高水平职业化、专业化检查员队伍建设。


关键词:  , 药品生产;现场检查;检查能力;评估标准;检查观察

Abstract:

The National Medical Products Administration NMPA officially applied to join the Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme PIC/S in November 2023. On-site observing inspection is one of the critical evaluation methods in PIC/S Audit Checklist -Interpretation Guide and is also one of the approaches employed by the World Health Organization WHO for assessing national regulatory authority. It is a critical means of assessing inspection capabilities. However neither relevant regulatory authorities nor international organizations have yet established standardized evaluation criteria for assessing on-site observing inspection. Developing scientific and reasonable evaluation indicators plays an important guiding role in assessing and evaluating the on-site inspection capabilities of inspection teams. This study intends to draws on the PIC/S Audit Checklist-Interpretation Guide and the Regulatory Inspection indicators of the WHO Global Benchmarking Tool GBT), while incorporating domestic practices in pharmaceutical production on-site inspections. It proposes 28 evaluation criteria for assessing on-site inspection capability across four stages pre-inspection preparation on-site inspection defects inspection deficiencies and report and the on-site performance of the inspection team. The key elements mainly include compliance with inspection procedures and workflows effective coverage of inspection scope ability to identify pharmaceutical enterprise risks and problems during inspections effective communication and collaboration during inspections objectivity and clarity of inspection reports and deficiency descriptious professional competence of inspectors and effective handling of special circumstances. The core principle is to conduct risk-based professional inspections with appropriate depth and degree under constrained time and resources ensuring inspection effectiveness.The goal is to better identify weaknesses in on-site inspections through on-site observing inspection thereby enhancing the field inspection capabilities of drug production inspectors and accelerating the construction of highly skilled professionalized and specialized inspector team.


Key words: Pharmaceutical production , On-site inspection , Inspection capability , Evaluation standard , Observing inspection

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