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中国医药导刊 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (12): 1257-1257-1262.doi: 10.1009-0959.2025.120005

• 监管科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国生物制品申报上市情况与分析

彭思琪, 韩京宏, 贺敬龙   

  1. 国家药品监督管理局药品审评检查大湾区分中心,广东 深圳 518000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-25 修回日期:2025-09-08 接受日期:2025-12-24 出版日期:2025-12-28 发布日期:2026-01-26

Analysis of the Marketing Approval Status of Biological Products in China

PENG Siqi, HAN Jinghong, HE Jinglong   

  1. Greater Bay Area Center for Drug Evaluation and Inspection of NMPA Guangdong Shenzhen 518000, China
  • Received:2025-06-25 Revised:2025-09-08 Accepted:2025-12-24 Online:2025-12-28 Published:2026-01-26

摘要:

目的:系统分析20092024年我国生物制品申报上市情况,总结创新特征、政策效果及存在问题,为优化监管策略提供依据。方法:基于国家药品监督管理局药品审评中心(CDE)公开数据,对1474件上市药品(含生物制品583件)进行分类统计,重点分析治疗用生物制品(535件)的作用类型、创新程度、适应证分布及审批路径。结果:在治疗用生物制品领域,抗体药物占据主导地位(322件,60.2%),而细胞治疗产品仅4件(0.7%),显示出明显的差别。创新水平分析表明,创新型治疗用生物制品66件(12.3%),改良型72件(13.5%),生物类似药37件(6.9%)。值得注意的是,2020年新修订的《药品注册管理办法》实施后,优先审评审批占比显著提升,抗肿瘤药物成为主要受益领域(198件,37%)。从区域分布来看,申报企业高度集中于长三角和珠三角地区。治疗用生物制品申报量前5位的地区分别是上海(237件)、北京(90件)、江苏(51件)、广东(31件)和浙江(22件),合计占比达80.4%,显示出明显的区域集聚效应。企业分布方面,跨国药企占据主导地位。结论:我国生物制品申报效率显著提升,但存在原创能力不足、结构失衡问题,需加强细胞治疗等前沿领域支持,完善区域均衡发展机制。


关键词: 生物制品, 申报上市, 创新药, 优先审批, 监管科学

Abstract:

 Objective: To systematically analyze the marketing approval status of biological products in China from 2009 to 2024 summarize innovation characteristics policy effects and existing problems and provide a basis for optimizing regulatory strategies.Methods: Based on publicly available data from the Center for Drug Evaluation CDE of the National Medical Products Administration NMPA), 1474 approved drugs including 583 biological products were classified and statistically analyzed with a focus on 535 therapeutic biological products in terms of mechanism type innovation level therapeutic areas and approval pathways.Results: In the field of therapeutic biological products antibody drugs dominated 322 cases 60.2%), while cell therapy products only 4 cases 0.7%), showing a significant disparity. Analysis of innovation levels revealed 66 innovative therapeutic biological products 12.3%), 72 improved products 13.5%), and 37 biosimilars 6.9%. Notably after the implementation of the revised Provisions for Drug Registration in 2020 the proportion of priority reviews significantly increased with anti-tumor drugs being the primary beneficiaries 198 cases 37%. Geographically applicant enterprises were highly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions. The top five regions in terms of the number of therapeutic biological product applications were Shanghai 237 cases), Beijing 90 cases), Jiangsu 51 cases), Guangdong 31 cases), and Zhejiang 22 cases), collectively accounting for 80.4% of the total indicating significant regional agglomeration. In terms of enterprise distribution multinational pharmaceutical companies dominated.Conclusion: China's review efficiency for biological products has significantly improved but challenges remain in original innovation capacity and structural balance. It is necessary to strengthen support for cutting-edge fields such as cell therapy and improve mechanisms for balanced regional development.


Key words: Biological products , Marketing authorization application , Innovative drugs , Priority review , Regulatory science

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