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中国医药导刊 ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 338-344.

• 研究进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

小分子纯药自组装递药系统用于抗肿瘤的研究进展

贺思琴, 高会乐*   

  1. 四川大学华西药学院,四川 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-04 出版日期:2024-04-28 发布日期:2024-04-28
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82173762 )

Advances in Self-Assembled Drug Delivery Systems of Small Molecule Drugs for Cancer Therapy

  1. West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University Sichuan Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2024-06-04 Online:2024-04-28 Published:2024-04-28

摘要:

近年来,纳米技术在抗肿瘤小分子药物递送方面显示出巨大潜力。然而,大部分基于载体的纳米递药系统都存在载药量低、制备工艺复杂、载体具有毒性和免疫原性等问题,阻碍了纳米制剂的临床转化。自组装技术的出现为此开辟了一条新途径,其中由小分子药物自组装得到的纯药递送系统引起了研究者们的广泛关注。小分子纯药自组装递药系统制备工艺简单、载药量高、毒性低,具有可调式的分子结构,更强的药物保留性、生物相容性、可降解性以及更高的患者依从性,在抗肿瘤领域的应用愈加广泛,具有良好的临床转化前景。本综述在肿瘤治疗的背景下,梳理和介绍了小分子纯药自组装递药系统的原理、分类、制备方法(传统及新型)等方面的研究进展,并重点分析了单一纯药自组装递药系统和多药共组装递药系统在化疗、光疗、免疫治疗以及联合治疗中的最新应用进展,旨在探讨小分子纯药自组装递药系统在抗肿瘤治疗方面的发展潜力以及临床转化前景,为进一步优化小分子纯药自组装纳米递药系统并拓展其在抗肿瘤领域的应用提供研究思路。


关键词: 自组装, 纳米递药系统, 小分子药物, 制备方法, 抗肿瘤治疗

Abstract:

In recent years nanotechnology has shown great potential in the delivery of antitumor small molecule drugs. However most of the carrier-based nano delivery systems suffer from the problems of low drug loading capacity complicated preparation process toxicity and immunogenicity of the carriers which hinder the clinical translation of nano-formulations. The emergence of self-assembly technology has opened up a new pathway for this purpose in which the pure drug nano-assemblies obtained by the self-assembly of small molecule drugs have attracted extensive attention from researchers. The self-assembly drug delivery system has the advantages of a simple preparation process high drug loading low toxicity and adjustable molecular structure greater drug retention biocompatibility degradability and patient compliance which has been applied in the field of anti-tumor and a good clinical transformation prospect. In the context of tumor therapy this study reviews and introduces the research progress in the principle classification and preparation methods traditional and novel of the self-assembly drug delivery systems for small molecule drugs and focuses on analyzing the latest research progress of single pure drug self-assembly delivery system and multi-drug co-assembly delivery system in chemotherapy phototherapy immunotherapy and combination therapy. This study aims to explore the development potential and clinical transformation prospect of a self-assembled drug delivery system for small molecule drugs in antitumor therapy and to provide a new way to optimize the self-assembled nano drug delivery system and expand its application in the antitumor field.

Key words: Self-assembly, Nano drug delivery, Small molecule drug, Preparation method, Antitumor therapy

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