关键词: 明清, 水肿病, 儿童, 用药规律, 网络药理学

Abstract:

Objective： To summarize the medication rules employed by famous pediatricians in the Ming and Qing dynasties in the treatment of pediatric edema based on analyzing the classical and experiential effective prescriptions in their notable works.Methods： A comprehensive database of prescriptions derived from notable works of famous pediatricians in the Ming and Qing dynasties was established. TCMICS 3.5 was used to analyze the medication rules. The chemical components of core medicinal herbs were screened using the TCMSP platform. Relevant target proteins were annotated through the Uniprot database， and ineffective components were excluded from further analysis. Disease-related targets associated with edema were identified by querying GeneCards and OMIM databases. These targets underwent integration and de-duplication to establish a refined dataset for this study. Finally， GO functional enrichment analysis along with KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was conducted using OmicShare.Results： A total of 116 prescriptions were collected， involving 122 traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. The overall frequency of use of these medicinal herbs amounted to 865 times， among these， 26 medicinal herbs had a frequency of use≥10 times， and the top 5 most frequently used medicinal herbs were Poria cocos （63）， Liquorice （61）， Atractylodes rhizome （44）， Dried tangerine peel （44） and Rhizoma alismatis （29）. In terms of medicinal properties ， warm properties predominated， with a frequency count of 411. The predominant taste was bitter， with a frequency count of 421. The primary meridian tropism involved spleen， lung， stomach， and kidney. Core combinations of medicinal herbs include Atractylodes rhizome， Dried tangerine peel， Poria cocos， et al. 132 potential targets related to edema were screened out from TCMSP platform ，UniProt database， GeneCards and OMIM databases. A total of 4 680 items were selected by GO functional enrichment analysis， and KEGG enrichment analysis showed 257 pathways. Notably， potential targets predominantly concentrated in interleukin-17 signaling pathway.Conclusion： In the Ming and Qing dynasties， the famous pediatricians utilize acrid-release and bitter-downbearing therapy to treat edema in children， and balance it by warm drugs. The principal treatment approach emphasized "benefit" by inducing diuresis for removing edema， while concurrently focusing on tonifying lung and spleen functions to support Qi circulation. These medication rules have valuable guiding significance for modern clinical pharmacotherapy.

Key words:  , Ming and Qing dynasties； , Edema； , Children； , Medication rules； , Network pharmacology