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中国医药导刊 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (7): 666-673.

• 监管科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

论我国医疗器械警戒制度的构建

韩珂, 马韶青*   

  1. 北京中医药大学人文学院,北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-28 修回日期:2025-07-03 接受日期:2025-10-10 出版日期:2025-07-28 发布日期:2025-10-10
  • 基金资助:
    北京市社会科学基金项目(19GLB032)

The Construction of the Medical Device Vigilance System in China

HAN Ke, MA Shaoqing*   

  1. School of Humanities Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2025-04-28 Revised:2025-07-03 Accepted:2025-10-10 Online:2025-07-28 Published:2025-10-10

摘要:

随着我国医疗器械产业的快速发展,社会对高质量医疗器械的追求更加迫切,公众对用械安全的需求更加突出。医疗器械警戒制度作为保障医疗器械安全性和有效性的重要手段,其构建尤为重要。自2020年国家药品监督管理局提出探索研究医疗器械警戒制度以来,相关立法与实践工作持续推进。本研究基于文献分析及网页检索相结合的方法,总结了我国医疗器械警戒制度的相关立法现状与实践现状,分析了当前我国医疗器械警戒工作在监管部门、不良事件监测与评价、安全性评价、质量体系核查等方面存在的不足;同时,介绍了美欧日独具特色的医疗器械警戒制度,在借鉴其实践经验的基础上提出了构建我国医疗器械警戒制度的相关建议,包括建立有力的监管体系、完善全面的监测与评价体系、改进安全性评价措施、完善质量管理体系核查等。未来仍需以问题为导向,以国际标准接轨为契机,持续优化规范体系与技术工具,形成政府主导、行业自律、公众参与的治理生态,切实保障公众用械安全,推动医疗器械产业高质量发展。


关键词:  , 医疗器械;警戒制度;不良事件监测;风险管理

Abstract:

With the rapid development of China's medical device industry society's pursuit of high-quality medical devices has become more urgent and the public's demand for the safety of device use has become more prominent. The medical device vigilance system as an important means to ensure the safety and effectiveness of medical devices its construction is particularly important. Since the National Medical Products Administration proposed to explore and study the medical device vigilance system in 2020 the relevant legislation and practical work have been continuously advanced. Based on the method combining literature analysis and web search this study reviews the current legislative and practical status of the medical device vigilance system in China and analyzes the deficiencies existing in the current medical device vigilance work in China in aspects such as regulatory department adverse event monitoring and evaluation safety evaluation and quality system verification. Meanwhile the unique medical device vigilance systems of the United States Europe and Japan were introduced. Based on drawing on their practical experience relevant suggestions for constructing the medical device vigilance system in China were put forward including constructing a powerful supervision system improving the comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system improving safety evaluation measures and perfecting the quality management system verification etc. In the future it is necessary to be problem-oriented and take the opportunity of aligning with international standards to continuously optimize the regulatory system and technical tools form a governance ecosystem led by the government self-disciplined by the industry and participated by the public effectively ensure the safety of medical devices used by the public and promote the high-quality development of the medical device industry.


Key words:  , Medical devices; Vigilance system; Adverse event surveillance; Risk management

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